HYBRID RULE IN PAKISTAN

HYBRID RULE IN PAKISTAN

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HYBRID RULE IN PAKISTAN

By (author)ZAHID HUSSAIN

Since its creation as an independent state in 1947, Pakistan has alternated between authoritarian military regimes and ineffectual civilian rule. For most of its history, the country has been ruled by powerful military with short spans of elected civilian democracy in between. But since 2018 Pakistan has experimented with what many have described as hybrid rule. The system has been unique for many reasons. The security establishment has always been the determiner of national security and foreign policy in Pakistan but that role has become more pronounced under the lmran Khan government. Its extending shadow can be discerned in all dimensions of the state. In this book, collection of his columns, Zahid Hussain examines Pakistanā€™s experiment with a hybrid rule and its consequence.